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Brazilian Federal Military Justice has received criticism, especially with regard to the jurisdiction to try civilians in peacetime. However, this judgment protects the interests of the military and rests on the most current positivity.
There is no incompatibility between the Constitution and the rule established by Article 9 of the Military Criminal Code. The competence therein derives from the legislature's intention that used the original ratione legis and also the ratione personae criteria to fix it.
On the other hand, the doctrine and the Supreme Court understand that the protection of the interests of the Armed Forces are not restricted to the hierarchy and discipline, recognizing the competence of military courts to try civilians, also in the light of its peculiarity.
It is important to emphasize the Brazilian Federal Military Justice is neither a martial court nor an administrative tribunal, but a branch of the Judiciary Power. Its guiding principles are in line with the human rights enshrined in the Brazilian legal system and the American Convention on Human Rights.
Under the auspices of the adversarial system, the trial of civilians by federal military court does not violate the guarantee of due process, since every process started respects the superior constitutional principles.

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how sample design affects the relative importance of firm and industry factors in explaining performance variations.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 14,204 Spanish firms over a 10-year time frame, this study uses partial sensitivity analysis to examine the biases in results as a consequence of three methodological relevant concerns: outliers, industry classification and period.FindingsResults indicate that the industry effect, supported by the industrial organization theory, has been underestimated in the empirical tests.Originality/valueThis study examines the biases in results as a consequence of three methodological relevant concerns (outliers, sector classification and period), which have not been sufficiently studied to date. Moreover, the study provides some new evidence favourable to the Industrial Organization (IO) perspective, which could have been biased and underestimated by the literature, as most of the analyses do not consider the methodological issues studied in this paper.

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi compreender o processo de discussão de temas de natureza política em ambientes colaborativos. Primeiramente, destaca-se a importância da internet e das iniciativas colaborativas para o incremento das práticas democráticas. Em seguida, examina-se a importância do debate público como mecanismo de produção de decisões legítimas. Por fim, examina-se um conjunto de debates travados na Wikipédia, observando-se as tensões geradas em torno da construção do verbete "Dilma Rousseff" após as eleições de 2010. Há evidências de que o design dos fóruns, bem como o comprometimento dos participantes, são fatores essenciais para possibilitar discussões que atendam a princípios como justificação, reciprocidade e, naturalmente, legitimidade.